Abstract: Nano-Chemistry is a branch of science that studies the structure, properties and applications of substances at the nano level (10⁻⁹ meter). Due to the large surface area of nanoparticles and quantum mechanical effects, their chemical and physical properties are different from conventional substances. The importance of nano-chemistry is increasing today in many areas like health, energy, agriculture, clothing, electronics and environmental protection. Nano-particles are proving to be highly effective in works like drug delivery system, cancer treatment, solar cells, fuel cells, water purification and pollution control.

    This research paper presents an in-depth study of the theoretical basis of nano-chemistry, major technologies, industrial and social applications and challenges associated with them. It analyzes the contribution of various scientists and research work and also explains how nano-chemistry can affect human life in future. Through tables and analysis in the research paper, it has been shown that nanochemistry has the potential to become the foundation of modern science and technology.