Abstract: Agricultural diversification is increasingly recognized as a key strategy for enhancing farm income, reducing risk, and promoting sustainable rural livelihoods. The present study examines the nature and extent of agricultural diversification in Bilaspur district of Chhattisgarh and evaluates its socio-economic impact on farmers. Using secondary data collected from district statistical handbooks, horticulture reports, and published research, the study analyzes changes in cropping patterns with special emphasis on the shift from traditional paddy cultivation towards pulses, oilseeds, and vegetables. The findings reveal that although paddy continues to dominate the agricultural landscape, diversification into high-value crops has contributed to higher income, employment generation, and improved resilience among farming households. However, constraints such as inadequate irrigation, price volatility, and lack of post-harvest infrastructure limit the full potential of diversification. The study suggests strengthening market linkages, irrigation facilities, and extension services to sustain diversification in the district.